Metal cutting fluids - emulsions are widely used because of their low cost. However, during its use, because users did not use the requirements of the standardization, they could not achieve the desired results during the use. For example, there are operators who are still using the emulsion when it fails to smell, resulting in rusting of the workpiece, corrosion of the machine tool, contamination of the environment, and the like. Therefore, the rational and effective use of emulsion is the focus of this article. 1 Emulsion preparation Water quality: The water used to prepare the emulsion is very important, and the suitable hardness of the water should be 50-200. Emulsions formulated with hard water often quickly delaminate, leaving large amounts of oil and soaps that are insoluble in water, affecting the results. On the other hand, if the water quality is too soft, the bubble may increase. Therefore, when preparing the emulsion, it is necessary to understand the situation of the water quality in advance. If the water quality is too hard, it must be pre-treated. Adding 0.1% to 0.3% of sodium tripolyphosphate or diethylamine tetraacetate to the water can reduce water quality. The role of hardness, the best use of deionized water. Dilution: The dilution of the cutting fluid is related to the stability of the emulsion. Before using the cutting fluid, it is necessary to determine the dilution ratio and the volume of the required emulsion. Then calculate the amount of emulsion used (raw solution) and the amount of water. The operation method is: selecting a clean container, pouring all the required water into the container, and then adding the emulsion liquid under low-speed stirring. When the emulsion is prepared, the speed of addition of the original solution is such that the non-emulsified stock solution does not appear. Pay special attention: The procedure for adding the emulsion stock solution and water cannot be reversed. Do not mix the emulsion directly in the oil pool (tank) of the machine tool. In actual operation, we often see that workers are very random when formulating emulsions. The operator sees that the cutting fluid in the water tank is less, then add water, add the concentrated liquid, and feel that the cutting fluid is not white enough after mixing, and then add the concentrate; It looks too strong and adds water. It is almost right to think what proportion is not proportional. The result is that the ratio of today's preparation is 1:20, tomorrow may be 1:30, which will definitely have a serious impact on the cutting fluid. In the actual use of water-soluble cutting fluids, different processing forms have different requirements for skidding and cooling. The general rule is that the greater the cutting load and the higher the lubrication requirement, the higher the preparation concentration of the cutting fluid; the higher the processing speed, the greater the requirement for cooling, and the lower the preparation concentration of the cutting fluid. In general, the change law of cutting load is: grinding <turning <milling <broaching. The processing speed is just the opposite. 2 Continuous use Because the cutting fluid is used in an open environment, and the general anti-bacterial properties of the components of the cutting fluid are limited, it creates conditions for the invasion and reproduction of bacteria and microorganisms. Since most of the bacteria growing in the cutting fluid are anaerobic bacteria, the long-term shutdown of the cutting fluid will lead to the formation of an oxygen-deficient environment conducive to the growth of bacteria, while the continuous use will enable the oxygen in the air to fully contact the cutting fluid. To some extent, the growth of bacteria is inhibited. Therefore, the use of cutting fluid is not afraid of static, so downtime should not exceed three days. There are two aspects of the maintenance and management of the emulsion emulsion clean emulsion: first, to prevent the mixing of external pollutants and timely removal, the other is to maintain the stability of the water-soluble working fluid: such as concentration, rust resistance, pH value, Antibacterial ability and so on. Although the general cutting fluid products have a certain degree of antibacterial ability, but some of the components are bacteria and microbial nutrients, so in the case of insufficient antibacterial capacity, the service life of the cutting fluid is limited. All kinds of debris are often the source of the corruption of the cutting fluid. For example: Cigarettes, tea, cotton yarn and other debris are randomly discarded in the water basin, contaminating the cutting fluid and becoming carriers and nutrients for the growth and reproduction of bacteria and microorganisms. Therefore, strict control must be exercised to prevent external foreign matter from mixing. Clean up immediately. In the case of almost no external foreign matter mixing, the materials that contaminated the cutting fluid are mainly metal powder and gravel fine powder, floating oil and free water, microorganisms and breeding materials, and the like. Floating oil refers to the oil used in the cutting fluid system of the machine tool transmission and hydraulic system oil leakage due to the lack of strict sealing of the machine tool. The hazard of floating oil is that some of the material of the cutting fluid system swells and distort, disturbing the emulsification balance of the emulsion, and destabilizing the emulsion. In addition, floating oil often floats on the surface of the emulsion oil, blocking the contact between the emulsion and the air, resulting in lack of oxygen in the emulsion, rapid propagation of anaerobic bacteria, and accelerated spoilage of the emulsion. 4 Intramuscular administration and countermeasures in the use of the cutting fluid When the emulsion turns from milky white to grayish brown and a foul odor occurs, a fungicide should be added immediately to kill the bacteria, or the emulsion should be replaced again. At present, the more commonly used low-toxic bactericide is Sandan oil, and the addition amount is about 0.1% to 0.2% (for the diluted emulsion), which has a significant effect on extending the life cycle of the emulsion.
General phenolic bactericides are more toxic and cause pollution from waste fluids and have been used less frequently.
pH value (range 1 to 14 broad-spectrum test paper): In general, the pH value should be between 8.3 and 9.2. The specific range is based on the manufacturer's technical specifications. The pH of different emulsions is different. When it is found that the pH value tends to decrease, the anti-rust property of the emulsion drops sharply. Therefore, new cutting fluids or pH-increasing agents (such as sodium carbonate) should be added in time to increase the pH and keep the pH at about 8.3 to 9.2. When the pH of the emulsion exceeds 9, the microorganisms are difficult to reproduce. When there are long holidays such as holidays, air should be blown into the tank periodically to prevent the growth of anaerobic bacteria and also to remove odors. When injecting new fluids, all the cuttings and oil and other substances in the machine tool and liquid supply system must be completely removed, and new fluids must be added after disinfection with a bactericide. If the clean fluid is not cleaned, it is equivalent to adding the corrupted strain to the new fluid. 5 Machine tool corrosion Water-soluble cutting fluid has good cooling performance, but the harm to the machine tool can not be ignored. The corrosion of water in water-soluble cutting fluid on the machine tool is a bit of a drop, the degree of harm is gradually increased, and it takes a long time, it is difficult to cause the user's attention. Even if the degree of failure is jeopardized, users generally do not take into account the problem of cutting fluid and give sufficient attention. This cumulative corrosion will lead to a reduction in the machining accuracy of the machine, which will greatly shorten the service life of the machine until it is scrapped. The hazards are mainly in the following aspects: The lubricating performance of water is not good, and it can wash away the oil on the machine and seal the grease of the bearing. Corrosion of the metal surface, although the water-soluble cutting fluid added anti-corrosion components, but only for the workpiece is processed, the machine does not work. The function of the corrosion inhibitor is to maximize the chemical passivation of the workpiece surface. When the machine tool works, due to the evaporation of water in the cutting fluid, the relative humidity of the air generated in the working area of ​​the machine tool reaches up to 100%. When the machine tool stops working, the moisture in the air condenses into water on the metal surface of the machine tool, and the corrosion of the machine tool is difficult to avoid. . The water in the water-soluble cutting fluid is an electrolyte. Machines with different internal materials may become potential "batteries." When the water-soluble cutting fluid penetrates, the water in the cutting fluid may cause electric corrosion to the different metals that are in contact with each other, which may cause rusting. Lightness affects the accuracy of the machine tool and the operation is difficult; the heavy machine tool cannot be used. Bacteria in water-soluble cutting fluids are another cause of corrosion and can accelerate corrosion. High levels of bacteria in the cutting fluid can change the chemical properties of the corrosion inhibitor in the cutting fluid, rendering it ineffective. Even worse, bacterial growth can lead to corrosion and increase the rate of corrosion between machine tool components. If the water quality used to dilute the cutting concentrate is poor and contains more minerals, then the possibility of corrosion will increase greatly. Cutting fluid for elastomers such as. Rings, washers, seals, etc. also work. 6 Corrosion control and elimination Obviously, the use of water-soluble cutting fluid, the user will have to work hard in the maintenance and management of the machine to control the production of corrosion, and even basically eliminate the corrosion. In order to prevent water from corroding the metal surface, the machine tool should always be lubricated with sufficient oil to apply grease to important parts of the machine tool. Accurately control the concentration of the cutting fluid. When the machine tool is shut down, flush the surface of the machine with cutting fluid, and open the machine guard to disperse the humid air in the working area of ​​the machine. In order to prevent the occurrence of electrical erosion, a waterproof grease should be applied to the metal surface. Moreover, the machine tool should be grounded strictly. It is not enough to ground the electrical cabinet. To avoid the breeding and breeding of bacteria, the cutting fluid should be regularly cleaned or replaced, and the chips removed in time, and soft water (low water with low mineral content) should be used. ) Diluted cutting concentrate. In foreign countries, when some developed countries choose water-soluble metal cutting fluids to meet the cutting process requirements, they pay more attention to the selection of aspects such as the harm to human health, waste liquid treatment, and comprehensive costs; this view gradually It is accepted by the domestic metal cutting industry. The use of water-soluble cutting fluids for proper maintenance and management not only achieves the best cutting results, but also greatly prolongs the service life of water-soluble cutting fluids, reduces the amount of waste fluids discharged, and thus maximizes economic benefits.Drilling hose(rotary hose)made according to API 7K spec, applies for flexible hose connection between the top of oil drilling stand pipe and vertical moved Swivel joint in well drilling, well cementing, work-over and down-hole servicing operation. drilling hose is also used to adjust the installation mistake between drilling pipe line and stand pipe to avoid shake, sometimes to transfer high pressure oil and water base mud with the lowest aniline point of 60°C from the swivel pipe in high pressure, and down-hole operation high medium such as water, oil etc, drilling rotary hose can be used for prefect work too.
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