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The birth of a large steel ship relies on a variety of advanced technological forces. Through countless people's efforts and countless complicated processes
The production of a large ship requires the efforts of thousands of people, and the problems and processes that need to be solved are very complicated. The first is design. The engineer will detail every detail of a large ship on the drawing. This process often takes months, or even years. In this case, it is often necessary to modify a certain part, and this modification sometimes leads to the whole body: a modification of a drawing may result in dozens, hundreds, or even thousands of drawings to be corresponding. change. After the design is completed, the design drawings are first sent to the shipyard line stakeout room. The design drawings may become actual wood stencils, or the design drawings can be lighted to actual size on steel, and then the worker cuts the outline of the chalk drawing. Another method is to make the drawing into a one-thousandth scale scale template for reference when cutting the electronic cutting machine. Then, thousands of skilled workers began cutting hull steel plates, deck steel plates, curved transverse rib steel plates, steel dyeing for reinforcing decks and bulkheads, and various pillars to support horizontal dyeing. The cut parts are sent to the assembly shop. Here, the assembler puts the parts in place. Welders with protective masks weld them to the side hull, the lattice double bottom and the deck steel plate with a welding torch. The crane was hoisted on various parts and then welded. A ship began to form gradually, with a tall bow, round stern, propeller, rudder blade and so on. (Figure) The technicians design a big ship on the drawings.
Many shipyards use dry docks below sea level to build ships. When the hull and superstructure are completed, open the valve to allow water to flow into the dock, and the boat slowly floats away from the pier and keel pier. The dock in the inland river channel allows the ship to be launched horizontally. However, most shipbuilding methods use the stern to slide into the water first. Before launching, make a bolster to keep the boat in an upright position when sliding. Then apply a thick layer of water-sliding grease between the ground slide and the bolster to smooth the hull into the water.
The early hull was often covered with bananas on the slides, relying on the smoothness of the bananas. After the ship is launched, it takes several months to install power equipment and general equipment. If it is a cargo ship or tanker, it is necessary to add a comfortable senior crew and general crew accommodation; if it is a passenger ship, it will be equipped with a full set of rooms, bedrooms, theaters, restaurants, swimming pools, bars and shops.
Finally, install water, electricity and ventilation equipment, use water pumps and iron pipes to feed fresh water and heating, and introduce fuel oil from the double bottom tank to the boiler compartment; fans and ducts send heating or cold air to the special rooms, kitchen and crew cabins. Exclude the moisture in the cargo space, send the cool air of the lower deck into the engine room and the engine room; the generator and countless wires and cables send electricity for the whole ship to illuminate and supply the power required by various types of machinery. Once the equipment is completed, the large ship will leave the port to test whether the entire ship meets the design requirements. When it comes back to trials, if the performance is good and meets the design expectations, a broom is tied to the dome to indicate success. Then the ship officially became a member of the marine ship family.