(1) The specific surface area of ​​the fine particles is large, and the surface energy is remarkably increased.

Under certain conditions, non-selective mutual condensation between the surfaces of different minerals is prone to occur.

On the other hand, it is also because the surface energy of the fine particles is large, and although the adsorbing power is high for the agent, the poor adsorption property is selected, which makes it difficult for the fine particles to be selectively separated.

(2) The fine particles are small in volume and are less likely to collide with bubbles.

The fine particles have a small mass, and when they collide with the bubbles, it is difficult to overcome the resistance of the hydration layer between the ore particles and the bubbles, and it is difficult to adhere to the bubbles.

The technical measures to solve the fine flotation are as follows:

(1) Selective flocculation flotation. The flocculant is used to selectively flocculate the target mineral particles or gangue fines, and then separated by flotation.

(2) Carrier flotation. The target mineral fine particle cover is floated on the carrier by using the general flotation granular grade ore as a carrier. The carrier may be of the same type or a heterogeneous mineral. For example, it can be used as a carrier pyrite flotation of fine gold. The calcite is used as a carrier to float the fine iron and titanium impurities in the kaolin .

(3) Agglomeration flotation, also known as emulsification flotation. After the fine-grained mineral is treated by the collector , it forms an oily foam with ore under the action of a neutral oil. The collector and neutral oil can be first formulated into an emulsion and then added to the slurry. Neutral oil and collector can also be added to the high quality fraction (70% solids) pulp, stirred vigorously, controlled for time, and then scraped off the upper layer of foam. This method has been used to fine manganese ore, ilmenite and apatite, etc.

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